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Endodontics is a branch of dentistry focused on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and infections affecting the dental pulp, the inner part of the tooth that contains nerves and blood vessels. The most common endodontic treatment is root canal therapy, a procedure designed to save a severely infected or damaged tooth.
Root canal therapy becomes necessary when the pulp of the tooth becomes infected or inflamed, usually due to deep cavities, cracks, or trauma. During this treatment, the damaged pulp is removed from the inside of the tooth, the cavity is cleaned, disinfected, and filled with a special material to prevent further infection. The tooth is then sealed, and if necessary, a crown or filling is placed to restore the tooth’s function and structure.
Endodontic treatment may be necessary in several cases:
Severe tooth decay: When untreated decay reaches the tooth pulp.
Tooth trauma: A blow or fracture can lead to pulp infection.
Pulp infection: If the pulp becomes infected or inflamed, usually accompanied by pain, sensitivity to heat or cold, and swelling around the tooth.
Dental abscess: A deep infection causing severe pain and swelling, requiring endodontic intervention to save the tooth.
Root canal treatment is typically performed under local anesthesia, meaning you will not feel pain during the procedure. The dentist will begin by drilling into the crown of the tooth to access the pulp. The infected pulp will be removed, and the cavity will be carefully cleaned and disinfected. Afterward, the tooth will be filled with a special material to seal it, and if necessary, a crown will be placed to restore the tooth’s function and appearance. The procedure usually lasts one to two hours, and in some cases, two appointments may be required.
After a root canal treatment, it is normal to experience mild pain or sensitivity, especially if the infection was significant prior to the procedure. However, the discomfort should subside within a few days and can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers.
In many cases, a crown is recommended after a root canal treatment to restore the treated tooth and give it full function again. The crown helps protect the tooth from future fractures and damage, especially if the tooth is large or already fragile. However, this depends on the specific situation of each patient.
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